Lesions outside the CNS in Parkinson's disease
Identifieur interne : 000A50 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000A49; suivant : 000A51Lesions outside the CNS in Parkinson's disease
Auteurs : Ruth Djaldetti [Israël] ; Nirit Lev [Israël] ; Eldad Melamed [Israël]Source :
- Movement Disorders [ 0885-3185 ] ; 2009-04-30.
English descriptors
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is not a simple movement disorder induced just by loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Apparently, the substantia nigra is not the only or the first brain region damaged in PD. Moreover, older and recent studies have shown that the degenerative process in PD is much more extensive and affects not only the central nervous system (CNS) but also the peripheral autonomic nervous system and the organs outside the brain that the latter innervates. These include mainly the gastrointestinal tract, the heart, kidneys, urogenital system, and skin. Additional extra‐CNS organs that are involved in PD include the eye and the adrenal gland. This article reviews the anatomical, physiological, and clinical features of extracerebral manifestations of PD, and describes their relevance to the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease. It establishes this illness as a systemic CNS and peripheral disorder that warrants new hypotheses regarding its causation and progression. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/mds.22172
Affiliations:
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Disord.</title><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno><idno type="eISSN">1531-8257</idno><imprint><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2009-04-30">2009-04-30</date><biblScope unit="volume">24</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">6</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="793">793</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="800">800</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno></series><idno type="istex">3120025AA46CBF0D40AFA45223C87E088F633253</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/mds.22172</idno><idno type="ArticleID">MDS22172</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Parkinson disease</term><term>autonomic system</term><term>peripheral organs</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Parkinson's disease (PD) is not a simple movement disorder induced just by loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Apparently, the substantia nigra is not the only or the first brain region damaged in PD. Moreover, older and recent studies have shown that the degenerative process in PD is much more extensive and affects not only the central nervous system (CNS) but also the peripheral autonomic nervous system and the organs outside the brain that the latter innervates. These include mainly the gastrointestinal tract, the heart, kidneys, urogenital system, and skin. Additional extra‐CNS organs that are involved in PD include the eye and the adrenal gland. This article reviews the anatomical, physiological, and clinical features of extracerebral manifestations of PD, and describes their relevance to the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease. 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